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Related Concept Videos

Bulk Modulus01:21

Bulk Modulus

The bulk modulus is a scientific term used to describe a material's resistance to uniform compression. It is the proportionality constant that links a change in pressure to the resulting relative volume change.
Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid01:09

Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid

As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave propagating...
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete01:16

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...

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A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
04:54

A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging

Published on: June 16, 2023

A bulk modulus dependent linear model for acoustical imaging.

Jean Martial Mari1, Thierry Blu, Olivier Bou Matar

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom. jm.mari@imperial.ac.uk

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|April 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a new linear model for ultrasonic wave propagation in soft tissues. The model accurately simulates ultrasonic scanning and estimates tissue properties by linking transducer signals to the longitudinal bulk modulus.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustical Imaging
  • Biomedical Ultrasound
  • Wave Propagation Modeling

Background:

  • Accurate simulation of ultrasonic scanning is crucial for soft biological tissue imaging.
  • Estimating the scattering coefficient requires understanding modeling approximations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a linear solution to the inhomogeneous ultrasonic wave equation.
  • To develop a model that accurately simulates ultrasonic scanning and estimates tissue properties.

Main Methods:

  • Applied classical assumptions for linearization.
  • Developed a mathematical expression for the scattering term without approximating density or speed of sound.

Main Results:

  • Established a correspondence between measured ultrasound signals and intrinsic mechanical properties (relative longitudinal bulk modulus).
  • The proposed model is suitable for accurate acoustical imaging simulations, comparable to existing models.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides a more accurate way to simulate ultrasonic scanning.
  • It enables precise estimation of tissue scattering properties by relating them to the longitudinal bulk modulus.