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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
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What is Glycolysis?

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Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
Amperometry: Overview01:10

Amperometry: Overview

Amperometry is a technique commonly used to measure the concentration of specific analytes in a solution by monitoring the electric current generated during an electrochemical reaction. It involves applying a constant potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode to measure the resulting current, which is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The Clark oxygen electrode operates based on this principle of amperometry. It consists of a cathode and an anode enclosed...
Outcomes of Glycolysis01:13

Outcomes of Glycolysis

Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
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Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
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Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase01:21

Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase

In cellular metabolism (the complete breakdown of glucose to extract energy),  glycolysis is the first step. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glucose enters heterotrophic cells in two ways. One method is through secondary active transport, where the transport takes place against the glucose concentration gradient. The other mechanism uses a group of integral proteins called GLUT proteins, also known as glucose transporter proteins. These...

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Bergmeyer Glucose Quantification for Microbiological Samples
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Published on: January 17, 2025

Glucose oxidase--an overview.

Sandip B Bankar1, Mahesh V Bule, Rekha S Singhal

  • 1Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.

Biotechnology Advances
|April 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers microbial glucose oxidase (GOx), an enzyme crucial for converting glucose to gluconic acid. It details GOx production, purification, characterization, immobilization, and diverse industrial applications, especially in biosensors.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology
  • Enzyme Technology

Background:

  • Glucose oxidase (GOx) catalyzes the oxidation of beta-D-glucose to gluconic acid, producing hydrogen peroxide.
  • Microbial GOx is vital across chemical, pharmaceutical, food, beverage, clinical chemistry, and biotechnology sectors.
  • Increasing demand for GOx is driven by novel applications in biosensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of glucose oxidase (GOx).
  • To discuss production, recovery, characterization, immobilization, and applications of GOx.
  • To highlight the enzyme's impact on bioprocessing and industrial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on microbial glucose oxidase production via fermentation and recombinant methods.
  • Discussion of various purification techniques for enhanced enzyme recovery.
  • Analysis of enzyme kinetics, stability studies, characterization, and immobilization strategies.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of glucose oxidase production methods, including microbial fermentation and recombinant DNA technology.
  • Description of purification strategies to achieve high recovery rates of active glucose oxidase.
  • Exploration of enzyme kinetics, stability, characterization, and immobilization techniques for various applications.

Conclusions:

  • Glucose oxidase is a versatile enzyme with significant industrial relevance.
  • Advancements in production, purification, and immobilization enhance its utility in biosensors and bioprocessing.
  • The enzyme's broad applicability underscores its importance in diverse scientific and industrial fields.