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Food reduces isoniazid bioavailability in normal volunteers
M V Joshi1, Y S Saraf, N A Kshirsagar
1Department of Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College, Parel, Bombay.
Summary
Taking isoniazid with food significantly reduces its absorption and effectiveness. This common antitubercular drug should be administered on an empty stomach to ensure optimal bioavailability.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacokinetics
- Drug Metabolism
- Tuberculosis Treatment
Background:
- Food-drug interactions significantly impact drug bioavailability.
- Isoniazid is a primary antitubercular medication, particularly in India.
- Understanding food effects on isoniazid is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of standard Indian meals on isoniazid bioavailability.
- To determine the impact of breakfast and lunch on isoniazid's pharmacokinetic parameters.
Main Methods:
- A single-dose, crossover study design was employed.
- Normal male volunteers participated in the study.
- Plasma concentrations of isoniazid were measured after administration with and without food.
Main Results:
- Standard Indian breakfast and lunch significantly decreased plasma AUC (Area Under the Curve).
- Food intake led to a significant reduction in Cmax (Maximum Plasma Concentration).
- The Kabs (Absorption Rate Constant) values were also significantly lowered by food.
Conclusions:
- Concomitant administration of isoniazid with food impairs its bioavailability.
- Isoniazid should be taken on an empty stomach for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
- These findings have implications for tuberculosis treatment regimens in India.