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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Allergic rhinitis.

Andrew S Kemp1

  • 1Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2145, Australia. andrewk5@chw.edu.au

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|May 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood allergic rhinitis, often seasonal in teens, links clear allergen exposure to symptoms. Perennial rhinitis and dust mite allergies have less certain links, and treatments like intranasal steroids are preferred over antihistamines.

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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

Published on: December 20, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
03:40

Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

Published on: December 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Childhood rhinitis presents as non-allergic or allergic, with allergic rhinitis further classified into seasonal and perennial types.
  • Seasonal allergic rhinitis is more prevalent in teenagers and young adults, contrasting with its lower incidence in younger children.
  • The association between allergen exposure and rhinitis symptoms is well-defined in seasonal allergic rhinitis (e.g., grass pollen) but less certain for perennial rhinitis and house dust mite sensitization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification, triggers, and management of childhood rhinitis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of different treatment modalities for allergic rhinitis in children.
  • To discuss the current understanding and controversies surrounding immunotherapy for pediatric allergic rhinitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of childhood rhinitis classification, epidemiology, and treatment options.
  • Analysis of the relationship between specific allergens and rhinitis symptoms in pediatric populations.
  • Evaluation of intranasal steroids, antihistamines, and immunotherapy based on existing clinical evidence.

Main Results:

  • Seasonal allergic rhinitis has a clear allergen-symptom link, while perennial rhinitis and house dust mite sensitization links are less certain.
  • Intranasal steroids are the primary treatment for persistent moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis in children, outperforming antihistamines for nasal obstruction.
  • Antihistamines effectively manage histamine-mediated symptoms like itching, rhinorrhea, and sneezing.

Conclusions:

  • Allergen avoidance in childhood rhinitis can be challenging in practical settings.
  • Intranasal steroids offer superior efficacy for persistent allergic rhinitis compared to antihistamines.
  • The role and benefits of sublingual or injectable immunotherapy in managing childhood allergic rhinitis remain subjects of debate and require further investigation.