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Related Concept Videos

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney
07:29

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney

Published on: September 1, 2016

Drug dosing during continuous renal replacement therapy.

Mariann D Churchwell1, Bruce A Mueller

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy, Toledo, OH, USA.

Seminars in Dialysis
|May 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug dosing for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) remains challenging due to limited data. This review guides clinicians on pharmacotherapy for critically ill patients on CRRT, addressing knowledge gaps.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney
07:29

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney

Published on: September 1, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is crucial for critically ill patients, offering benefits like superior volume and metabolic control.
  • CRRT's slow, continuous flow rates can achieve drug clearances comparable to native kidney function.

Observation:

  • Despite CRRT's benefits, precise drug dosing remains poorly understood and is not a focus for many pharmaceutical companies.
  • Existing drug dosing recommendations for intermittent hemodialysis are not directly applicable to CRRT.

Findings:

  • This review highlights key factors for determining appropriate pharmacotherapy regimens in patients undergoing CRRT.
  • It addresses the critical need for evidence-based drug dosing strategies in this complex patient population.

Implications:

  • Improved understanding of CRRT drug dosing can enhance patient outcomes and treatment efficacy.
  • This work aims to bridge the knowledge gap, supporting clinicians in managing critically ill patients receiving CRRT.