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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Preparation of Macroporous Epitaxial Quartz Films on Silicon by Chemical Solution Deposition
07:37

Preparation of Macroporous Epitaxial Quartz Films on Silicon by Chemical Solution Deposition

Published on: December 21, 2015

Hydration structure on crystalline silica substrates.

Dimitrios Argyris1, David R Cole, Alberto Striolo

  • 1The University of Oklahoma, School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface hydroxylation significantly impacts interfacial water structure on silica. Higher hydroxylation leads to organized water layers, while partial hydroxylation creates heterogeneous structures driven by water-water bonds.

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Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Understanding interfacial water is crucial for various applications, including catalysis and geochemistry.
  • The role of surface chemistry in structuring adjacent water layers remains an active research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural organization of interfacial water at silica surfaces.
  • To determine how varying degrees of surface hydroxylation influence water molecule behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to model water at silica interfaces.
  • Analysis included density profiles, radial distribution functions, and hydrogen-bond analysis.

Main Results:

  • Surface hydroxylation alters water structure, orientation, and hydrogen-bonding networks.
  • Homogeneous hydroxylation yields organized interfacial water; partial hydroxylation results in heterogeneous structures.
  • The degree of hydroxylation controls water layer density and distance from the silica substrate.

Conclusions:

  • Local surface chemistry and water-water hydrogen bonds are key determinants of interfacial water structure.
  • Tailoring surface hydroxylation offers a method to control interfacial water properties.