Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 9, 2026
04:04
Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection
Published on: August 15, 2025
353
Keloidal atypical fibroxanthoma: a case series
1Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8059, USA.
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
|May 30, 2009
Summary
Keloidal atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare variant of AFX that can be misdiagnosed. Accurate identification of keloidal AFX is crucial to avoid diagnostic pitfalls, especially in small biopsies.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Oncology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Keloidal atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare variant characterized by thick hyalinized collagen bands.
- Misdiagnosis as keloidal dermatofibroma is possible due to keloidal collagen and fibrohistiocytic cells.
- Accurate diagnosis of AFX is vital, as rare metastatic cases exist despite its generally good prognosis.
Observation:
- Nine cases of AFX with keloidal tumoral sclerosis were analyzed.
- Histopathology showed pleomorphic cells within hyalinized keloidal collagen.
- Keloidal collagen formed ring-like structures around CD31-positive vessels in some cases.
Findings:
- Pleomorphic cells were negative for S100 and keratin.
- Cells consistently labeled positive for CD68.
- Sclerotic collagen deposition around vessels was noted.
Implications:
- Distinguishing keloidal AFX from other sclerotic lesions is essential.
- Awareness of this variant prevents misdiagnosis, particularly in small biopsies.
- The perivascular deposition of sclerotic collagen warrants further investigation.
