Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2026
09:03
The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
Published on: February 3, 2012
Hepatitis B-related autoimmune manifestations
Patrice Cacoub1, Benjamin Terrier
1Service de Médecine Interne, AP, HP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France. patrice.cacoub@psl.aphp.fr
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|June 2, 2009
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can trigger various autoimmune conditions, known as extrahepatic manifestations. This review details these diverse HBV-related autoimmune disorders and their management.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Immunology
- Virology
Background:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 400 million people globally.
- Despite vaccination, HBV remains a significant health concern.
- Up to 20% of infected individuals develop extrahepatic manifestations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the autoimmune manifestations associated with hepatitis B virus infection.
- To discuss the pathophysiology and diverse clinical presentations of HBV-related autoimmune disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of autoimmune manifestations in hepatitis B virus infection.
- Discussion of current therapeutic strategies for HBV infection.
Main Results:
- HBV infection is linked to a wide spectrum of autoimmune conditions.
- Manifestations range from severe polyarteritis nodosa to less severe clinical and biologic forms.
- General, renal, rheumatologic, neurologic, skin, ophthalmologic, and hematologic systems can be affected.
Conclusions:
- Autoimmune phenomena are a significant complication of chronic HBV infection.
- Effective antiviral therapies are available for managing HBV.
- Understanding these manifestations is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Autoimmune Disorders
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
01:25Hepatitis
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
01:28Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
01:28Graves' Disease I: Introduction
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
01:12Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...