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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research
10:39

The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research

Published on: April 7, 2023

Intestinal stem cells.

Aaron P Garrison1, Michael A Helmrath, Christopher M Dekaney

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|June 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are crucial for gut renewal and regeneration. Recent advances in identifying ISC markers and using transgenic mice have significantly improved our understanding of their biology.

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Generation, Maintenance, and Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Intestinal and Colonic Organoids

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research
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Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy
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Generation, Maintenance, and Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Intestinal and Colonic Organoids
08:13

Generation, Maintenance, and Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Intestinal and Colonic Organoids

Published on: July 9, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • The gastrointestinal tract epithelium is the body's most rapidly proliferating tissue.
  • Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) within crypts sustain epithelial renewal and homeostasis.
  • ISCs are implicated in gut development, regeneration, and malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of intestinal stem cell (ISC) research.
  • To review the tools available for studying ISC behavior.
  • To discuss potential clinical applications of ISC research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data and indirect measures of ISC behavior.
  • Analysis of recent discoveries in potential ISC markers.
  • Utilization of transgenic mouse models for lineage tracing and cell isolation.

Main Results:

  • Limited understanding of ISC biology historically due to lack of specific markers.
  • Recent identification of potential ISC markers has advanced research.
  • Transgenic mice offer powerful tools for ISC characterization.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in ISC markers and tools have revolutionized our understanding of these cells.
  • Further research holds promise for clinical applications in gastrointestinal health and disease.
  • Continued study of ISCs is vital for both normal physiology and pathological conditions.