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Related Concept Videos

The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer
07:54

Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer

Published on: October 15, 2015

Activated surface diffusion in a simple colloid system.

Minsu Kim1, Stephen M Anthony, Steve Granick

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cluster shape, not just mass, dictates movement over barriers in surface diffusion. Specific configurations are favored, limiting both rotation and translation, challenging simple models.

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Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer
07:54

Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer

Published on: October 15, 2015

Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics
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Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics

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Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy
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Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy

Published on: January 9, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Surface diffusion physics
  • Colloidal science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding particle movement on surfaces is crucial for many physical and chemical processes.
  • Classical models often assume simple relationships between mass, mobility, and energy barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how cluster configuration affects hopping over activation barriers in surface diffusion.
  • To compare the mobility of single particles, dimers, and trimers on a hexagonal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-particle tracking of colloidal particle jumps.
  • Experimental comparison of spherical particles, dimers, and planar trimers.
  • Utilizing hexagonal surface lattices commensurate with particle size.

Main Results:

  • Cluster shape significantly influences translational and rotational mobility.
  • Surface diffusion favors specific, restricted cluster configurations for hopping.
  • A strong decoupling between rotational and translational motion was observed.

Conclusions:

  • The shape of diffusing clusters is a critical factor, not just their mass.
  • Observed behavior challenges the applicability of simple Arrhenius models for surface diffusion.
  • Geometric constraints and specific configurations play a key role in particle mobility.