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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
07:33
Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: January 25, 2012
Experimental and model-based approaches to studying mixing in coating pans
Daniel Fichana1, Alexander J Marchut, Pernille H Ohlsson
1Pharmaceutical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, USA.
Pharmaceutical Development and Technology
|June 13, 2009
Summary
This study determined mixing patterns in a cylindrical coating pan using experiments and Discrete Element Model (DEM) simulations. Radial mixing is faster than axial mixing, with DEM simulations providing conservative estimates of tablet mixing rates.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Chemical Engineering
- Process Engineering
Background:
- Understanding mixing dynamics in cylindrical coating pans is crucial for optimizing pharmaceutical tablet coating processes.
- Efficient mixing ensures uniform coating application and consistent product quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine mixing patterns and rates within a cylindrical coating pan.
- To compare experimental findings with Discrete Element Model (DEM) simulation results.
- To evaluate mixing as a function of pan rotation rate and revolutions.
Main Methods:
- Experimental investigation of tablet movement and mixing patterns inside a coating pan.
- In silico analysis using Discrete Element Model (DEM) simulations to predict mixing behavior.
- Measurement of mixing rates in both axial and radial/angular directions.
Main Results:
- Radial/angular mixing was significantly faster than axial mixing.
- The coating pan achieved good axial mixing within 16-32 revolutions, while radial mixing required only 2-8 revolutions.
- DEM simulations provided a conservative estimate of mixing rates, closely matching experimental observations.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully characterized mixing dynamics in a cylindrical coating pan.
- DEM simulations are a viable tool for predicting and optimizing mixing processes in coating pans.
- The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the efficiency and uniformity of tablet coating operations.
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