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In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo
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Published on: October 2, 2021

Phase contrast coherence microscopy based on transverse scanning.

Michael Pircher1, Bernhard Baumann, Erich Götzinger

  • 1Center for Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13, 1090 Vienna, Austria. michael.pircher@meduniwien.ac.at

Optics Letters
|June 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel optical coherence tomography method for precise optical path length difference measurements. The technique achieves nanometer-level precision by leveraging fast transverse scanning for enhanced phase stability.

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Published on: October 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Optical Metrology
  • Imaging Science

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of optical path length differences (OPLD) is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Existing methods may face limitations in precision and phase stability.
  • Interferometric techniques are sensitive to environmental and mechanical disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for measuring OPLD with high precision.
  • To improve phase stability in optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems.
  • To enable rapid, high-resolution en-face OCT imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a transverse scanning (en-face) optical coherence tomography (OCT) instrument.
  • Implemented fast beam motion across the sample to achieve high-frequency phase changes.
  • Separated sample-induced phase variations from interferometer jitter for accurate measurement.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a measurement precision of approximately 3 nanometers for OPLD.
  • Demonstrated excellent phase stability in the transverse scanning direction.
  • The en-face imaging speed reached 40 frames per second (520 x 200 pixels).

Conclusions:

  • The developed en-face OCT approach offers a novel and precise method for OPLD measurement.
  • High-frequency phase detection effectively overcomes limitations from interferometer jitter.
  • This technique holds potential for advanced optical metrology and biomedical imaging applications.