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Related Concept Videos

Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.The Golgi apparatus is a major sorting and dispatch station for the products of the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter...
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Golgi Matrix Proteins01:12

Golgi Matrix Proteins

Golgi matrix proteins are a group of highly dynamic proteins that maintain the stacked structure of Golgi. These proteins adapt to rapid morphological changes of the Golgi during the cell cycle. During cell division, mild proteolysis removes these connections resulting in Golgi unstacking. In The daughter cells, these proteins help reassemble the unstacked Golgi.
One of the first identified Golgi matrix proteins was GM130, a rod-like protein located in the cis-Golgi. Subsequently, many Golgi...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
Transport Across the Golgi01:26

Transport Across the Golgi

While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass
13:08

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Published on: August 10, 2017

Bric-a-brac at the Golgi.

Lydia Danglot1, Thierry Galli

  • 1INSERM U950, Membrane Traffic in Neuronal and Epithelial Morphogenesis, Paris, France.

Developmental Cell
|June 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RhoBTB3, a Rho protein, functions as an ATPase, not a GTPase, and plays a key role in endosome-to-Golgi transport. This finding expands the known functions of Rho proteins beyond cell polarity and morphogenesis.

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Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
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Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells

Published on: February 21, 2019

Imaging ATG9A, a Multi-Spanning Membrane Protein
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Imaging ATG9A, a Multi-Spanning Membrane Protein

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass
13:08

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Published on: August 10, 2017

Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
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Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells

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Imaging ATG9A, a Multi-Spanning Membrane Protein
07:20

Imaging ATG9A, a Multi-Spanning Membrane Protein

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Function

Background:

  • Rho proteins are traditionally recognized as GTPases crucial for cell polarity and morphogenesis.
  • The specific roles of certain Rho family members in cellular transport pathways remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biochemical function and cellular role of RhoBTB3, a less-characterized member of the Rho protein family.
  • To determine if RhoBTB3 possesses GTPase activity or exhibits alternative enzymatic functions.
  • To elucidate the involvement of RhoBTB3 in intracellular trafficking pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to determine the enzymatic activity of RhoBTB3 (ATPase vs. GTPase).
  • Cellular localization studies using microscopy to track RhoBTB3 in relation to endosomal and Golgi markers.
  • Endocytosis and protein trafficking assays to assess the impact of RhoBTB3 on these processes.

Main Results:

  • RhoBTB3 was identified as an ATPase, distinct from the canonical GTPase function of most Rho proteins.
  • RhoBTB3 was found to be involved in the endosome-to-Golgi transport pathway.
  • The study provides evidence for a novel role of a Rho family member in vesicular transport.

Conclusions:

  • RhoBTB3 represents a functional divergence within the Rho protein family, acting as an ATPase.
  • This ATPase activity is critical for efficient endosome-to-Golgi transport.
  • The findings broaden the known cellular functions of Rho proteins to include key aspects of intracellular trafficking.