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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
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Differential EXAFS analysis using DEXA.

M P Ruffoni1

  • 1European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France. ruffoni@esrf.fr

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|June 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential EXAFS, a novel X-ray absorption spectroscopy technique, measures atomic displacements from strain. The new DEXA code provides essential tools for analyzing these subtle atomic strains in materials science.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Strain-inducing phenomena like magnetostriction, piezoelectricity, and thermal expansion cause minute atomic displacements.
  • Existing X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) methods are insufficient for directly quantifying these tiny atomic shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Differential EXAFS (EXtended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) as a new XAS technique.
  • To develop novel analysis tools for extracting and quantifying atomic strains measured by Differential EXAFS.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the DEXA (Differential EXAFS Analysis) code.
  • Application of Differential EXAFS to measure atomic displacements under strain.

Main Results:

  • Differential EXAFS successfully measures atomic displacements associated with strain.
  • The DEXA code enables the quantification of these measured atomic strains.

Conclusions:

  • Differential EXAFS is a powerful new technique for probing atomic-level strain responses.
  • The DEXA code is a crucial tool for advancing the analysis of strain in materials using XAS.