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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
Published on: August 12, 2013
Fresnel-Gaussian shape invariant for optical ray tracing
Moisés Cywiak1, A Morales, J Mauricio Flores
1Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, AC, León, Guanajuato, México. moi@cio.mx
Abstract:
We propose a technique for ray tracing, based in the propagation of a Gaussian shape invariant under the Fresnel diffraction integral. The technique uses two driving independent terms to direct the ray and is based on the fact that at any arbitrary distance, the center of the propagated Gaussian beam corresponds to the geometrical projection of the center of the incident beam. We present computer simulations as examples of the use of the technique consisting in the calculation of rays through lenses and optical media where the index of refraction varies as a function of position.
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