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Eosinophils in exercise-induced asthma.

P Venge1, J Henriksen, R Dahl

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels decrease after exercise in asthma patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA). Medications like disodium chromoglycate and budesonide can prevent this drop, indicating ECP reflects airway inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a common condition characterized by bronchoconstriction following physical exertion.
  • Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation, often elevated in asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the changes in serum ECP levels following exercise challenge in patients with and without EIA.
  • To evaluate the effect of pharmacological interventions on serum ECP levels post-exercise.
  • To determine the correlation between serum ECP levels and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Serum ECP levels were measured in 13 patients with EIA and 9 without EIA before and after an exercise challenge.
  • Patients received pre-treatment with disodium chromoglycate, terbutaline, or budesonide in a blinded, randomized manner, or budesonide for 4 weeks in an open study.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histamine challenge was also performed in the EIA group.

    • Main Results:

    • In patients with EIA, serum ECP levels initially increased then significantly decreased 60 minutes post-exercise (p < 0.001).
    • Disodium chromoglycate and 4-week budesonide treatment inhibited this ECP reduction.
    • Histamine challenge induced a similar fall in serum ECP levels in the EIA group (p < 0.001).
    • Patients without EIA had lower baseline ECP levels and no significant changes post-exercise.
    • Pre-exercise ECP levels correlated with the maximal fall in peak expiratory flow in untreated and budesonide-treated groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Serum ECP levels reflect the degree of allergic inflammation in the lungs.
    • Changes in serum ECP post-exercise are indicative of bronchial hyperreactivity in EIA.
    • Pharmacological interventions can modulate the exercise-induced changes in serum ECP.