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Young strokes in Sri Lanka: an unsolved problem
Ranil De Silva1, Ranjani Gamage, Chandika Wewelwala
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. ranilds@sltnet.lk
Summary
Stroke in young adults is more common in India and Sri Lanka. Key risk factors identified include hypertension, family history of stroke, and transient ischemic attack, highlighting the need for preventative strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Stroke incidence is notably higher in young adults in India and Sri Lanka.
- The underlying causes and specific risk factors for stroke in this demographic remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalent risk factors and characteristic radiologic findings associated with ischemic stroke in individuals under 45 years of age.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis was conducted on 41 cases of first-ever ischemic stroke in young adults.
- Data collected included sociodemographic details, identified stroke risk factors, and results from laboratory investigations.
Main Results:
- The most frequent risk factors identified in the 15- to 45-year-old age group were hypertension (21%), family history of stroke (18%), and transient ischemic attack (16%).
- Hyperlipidemia (8.0%) and diabetes (5%) were also noted as contributing factors.
- In the pediatric group (younger than 15 years), one case presented with a mass attached to the posterior mitral valve leaflet.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension, a family history of stroke, and transient ischemic attack are significant risk factors in young adults.
- These findings emphasize the critical need for targeted preventative strategies to mitigate stroke risk in younger populations.
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