Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2026
11:31
Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
Published on: July 4, 2018
Contemporary challenges in mastocytosis.
H David Pettigrew1, Suzanne S Teuber, James S Kong
1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|July 30, 2009
Summary
Mastocytosis is a group of disorders involving abnormal mast cell growth. Treatments focus on managing symptoms and triggers, with options ranging from antihistamines to chemotherapy for severe systemic cases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Mastocytosis involves abnormal mast cell accumulation, releasing inflammatory mediators.
- These mediators cause diverse symptoms like flushing, pain, and instability.
- Mastocytosis presents as cutaneous (CM) or systemic forms with varying severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of mastocytosis, including its classification, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on mastocytosis.
- Classification of mastocytosis into cutaneous and systemic types.
- Description of therapeutic approaches for different mastocytosis subtypes.
Main Results:
- Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) generally has a favorable prognosis.
- Systemic mastocytosis (SM) severity ranges from chronic to rapidly progressive with poor prognosis.
- Treatment involves trigger avoidance, mediator inhibition (antihistamines, PPIs), and cytoreductive/chemotherapeutic agents for severe SM.
Conclusions:
- Mastocytosis management requires a multi-faceted approach tailored to disease subtype and severity.
- Trigger avoidance and symptomatic treatment are key for all patients.
- Advanced therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, show promise for severe systemic mastocytosis.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:25Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
01:25Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
01:19Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
01:10Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules
Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
01:24Cystic Fibrosis: Management
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic sinusitis...
Sinus disease and chronic sinusitis...