Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Femoral Catheter-Related Adverse Events during Physical Rehabilitation of Patients with Critical Illness: A Systematic Review.

Nursing in critical care·2026
Same author

Effects of melatonin or physical exercise application in rats with hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Toxicology and applied pharmacology·2025
Same author

Variable ventilation with two PEEP levels (BiPEEP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pilot study.

Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier)·2025
Same author

Validation of a Wearable Sensor Prototype for Measuring Heart Rate to Prescribe Physical Activity: Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study.

JMIR biomedical engineering·2024
Same author

Clinimetric properties of the Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score -a multicenter study for minimum important difference and responsiveness analysis.

Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia)·2023
Same author

Ventilator hyperinflation associated with flow bias optimization in the bronchial hygiene of mechanically ventilated patients.

Heart & lung : the journal of critical care·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

Correlations between respiratory and functional variables in heart failure.

Fábio Cangeri Di Naso1, Juliana Saraiva Pereira, Alexandre Simões Dias

  • 1Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre - Ambulatório de Insuficiência Cardíaca Porto Alegre, RS- Brasil. fdinaso@yahoo.com.br

Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|August 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory muscle strength and lung function are linked to exercise capacity in heart failure patients. These findings highlight the importance of respiratory assessment for managing functional performance in heart failure.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Respiratory alterations significantly impact functional performance in heart failure (HF) patients.
  • Assessing respiratory function is crucial for understanding HF patient capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between maximal inspiratory muscle strength and lung function parameters.
  • To determine the relationship between these respiratory variables and functional capacity in HF patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study included 42 chronic heart disease patients (NYHA Class I-III).
  • Measured variables included maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).
  • Functional capacity was assessed using the six-minute walk test (6MWT), NYHA class, and the SF-36 physical functioning domain.

Main Results:

  • MIP showed significant correlations with 6MWT distance (r=0.543, p<0.001), functional capacity (r=-0.566, p<0.001), and SF-36 physical functioning (r=0.459, p=0.002).
  • FVC correlated with 6MWT distance (r=0.501, p=0.001), functional capacity (r=-0.477, p=0.001), and SF-36 (r=0.314, p=0.043).
  • FEV1 correlated with 6MWT distance (r=0.514, p<0.001) and functional capacity (r=-0.383, p=0.012).

Conclusions:

  • Respiratory variables, including inspiratory muscle strength and lung function, are significantly correlated with functional capacity in heart failure patients.
  • These findings underscore the importance of respiratory assessment in evaluating and managing functional status in HF.