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Developmental exposure to PCBs, MeHg, or both: long-term effects on auditory function.

Brian E Powers1, Emily Poon, Helen J K Sable

  • 1Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|August 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) caused hearing deficits in rats. Unexpectedly, methylmercury (MeHg) coexposure appeared to reduce these PCB-induced auditory impairments, warranting further investigation into the interaction mechanism.

Keywords:
ABRDPOAEMeHgPCBauditorydevelopment

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Area of Science:

  • Neurotoxicology
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Developmental exposure to PCBs and MeHg can cause neurotoxic effects, including auditory deficits.
  • The impact of combined PCB and MeHg exposure on auditory function is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual and combined effects of developmental PCB and MeHg exposure on auditory function in adult rats.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were developmentally exposed to PCBs and/or MeHg.
  • Auditory function was assessed in adulthood using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs).

Main Results:

  • PCB exposure alone led to reduced DPOAE amplitudes and elevated thresholds for both DPOAEs and ABRs.
  • MeHg exposure alone did not significantly alter auditory function compared to controls.
  • Coexposure to MeHg appeared to attenuate the hearing deficits caused by PCB exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental PCB exposure can cause permanent hearing loss, likely with a cochlear site of action.
  • Coexposure to MeHg unexpectedly mitigated PCB-induced auditory deficits.
  • The mechanism behind this interaction between MeHg and PCBs requires further study.