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Terrestrial-passage theory: failing a test.
Charles F Reed1, Elizabeth A Krupinski
1Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19010, USA. creed@temple.edu
Perception
|August 11, 2009
Summary
The terrestrial-passage theory suggests illusions of the moon and sky stem from learned visual angle transformations. However, this study found no evidence supporting this theory, as perceived star size did not differ with elevation.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Visual Perception
- Astronomy
Background:
- The terrestrial-passage theory explains moon and sky illusions by proposing observers expect visual angle transformations based on elevation.
- This theory posits that celestial objects, maintaining consistent visual angles, conflict with learned environmental transformations, creating the illusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the validity of the terrestrial-passage theory regarding visual illusions of celestial objects.
- To determine if perceived angular size of stars varies significantly with elevation as predicted by the theory.
Main Methods:
- A sample of forty-eight observers participated in the study.
- Perceived angular size of a star constellation was measured at the horizon and compared to predicted sizes at a specific elevation.
Main Results:
- No significant difference was found in the perceived angular size of the star constellation between horizon and elevated positions.
- The occurrence of the illusion was not limited to observers who anticipated angular expansion.
Conclusions:
- The study's findings do not support the terrestrial-passage theory.
- The results indicate that learned elevation-dependent visual angle transformations may not be the primary cause of moon and sky illusions.
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