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Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions
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Published on: October 10, 2013

Biodegradable star polymers functionalized with beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.

Eki Setijadi1, Lei Tao, Jingquan Liu

  • 1Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

Biomacromolecules
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biodegradable star polymers with polystyrene and polyethylene glycol arms were synthesized and functionalized with cholesterol. These polymers form supramolecular structures and rapidly degrade in the presence of DTT.

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Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Biodegradable polymers are crucial for sustainable materials development.
  • Star polymers offer unique architectures for advanced applications.
  • Controlled synthesis of well-defined polymers is essential for predictable properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize biodegradable three-armed star polymers with polystyrene and poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate arms.
  • To functionalize these star polymers with cholesterol for supramolecular assembly.
  • To investigate the biodegradability and self-assembly characteristics of the synthesized polymers.

Main Methods:

  • "Core first" synthesis methodology utilizing a trifunctional RAFT agent.
  • Post-polymerization modification including aminolysis and reaction with dithiodipyridine (DTDP) for end-group functionalization.
  • Characterization using NMR, GPC, SLS, and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Well-defined three-armed star polymers with low polydispersity (<1.2) were successfully synthesized.
  • Polymers were functionalized with sulfhydryl and pyridyldisulfide end groups, and subsequently with cholesterol via disulfide linkages.
  • Intradisulfide linkages enabled biodegradability, with rapid degradation observed upon DTT treatment.
  • Cholesterol-terminated star polymers formed supramolecular structures with beta-cyclodextrin.

Conclusions:

  • The developed "core first" RAFT approach enables the synthesis of well-defined, biodegradable star polymers.
  • Disulfide linkages are effective for both conferring biodegradability and attaching functional moieties like cholesterol.
  • The synthesized star polymers can self-assemble into supramolecular structures, demonstrating potential for advanced material applications.