Bone cements and their potential use in a mandibular endoprosthesis

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Bone cement, primarily polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), has evolved significantly since the 1950s.
• Novel applications, such as in mandibular endoprosthetic systems, necessitate a review of current bone cement technologies.
• Understanding the properties and limitations of various bone cements is crucial for developing effective prosthetic solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on bone cements for potential use in a novel mandibular endoprosthetic system.
• To evaluate the suitability of different bone cements, including PMMA-based options, for mandibular reconstruction.
• To identify areas for future research regarding advanced bone cement materials.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of bone cement materials and their applications.
• Analysis of different types of bone cements, focusing on PMMA and its modifications.
• Discussion of the potential use of various cements in the context of mandibular endoprosthetics.

Main Results:

• Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based cements are currently the most suitable choice for mandibular endoprosthetic systems.
• Plain PMMA offers a long track record and is the default for initial development.
• Antibiotic-loaded PMMA is a viable option when infection risk is a concern.

Conclusions:

• PMMA-based bone cements are the primary recommendation for the initial development of mandibular endoprosthetic systems.
• Modified PMMA, composite resins, calcium phosphate compounds, and cementless fixation present potential advantages but require further investigation.
• Continued research is essential to explore the full potential of alternative bone cement materials for mandibular reconstruction.