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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
05:49

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome review.

Charles Eby1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus box 8118, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. eby@wustl.edu

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) involves organ damage from blood clots or inflammation, linked to specific autoantibodies. Understanding APS requires reviewing its history, diagnostic criteria, and complex pathophysiology.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition causing organ damage via thrombosis or inflammation.
  • It is characterized by specific autoantibodies against proteins or protein-phospholipid complexes.
  • Despite established criteria, APS pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management present complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical evolution of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) understanding.
  • To critique current laboratory methods for autoantibody detection in APS.
  • To summarize insights into APS pathophysiology, prognosis, and management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of APS evolution from lupus anticoagulant discovery.
  • Critical analysis of diagnostic criteria and laboratory testing for APS.

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PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
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PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

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Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2
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PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
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  • Synthesis of current knowledge on APS pathophysiology and clinical aspects.

    • Main Results:

    • APS understanding has evolved significantly since the lupus anticoagulant discovery.
    • Laboratory methods for autoantibody detection require careful interpretation.
    • APS pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, impacting prognosis and management.

    Conclusions:

    • APS is a complex autoimmune disorder with evolving diagnostic and management strategies.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate APS pathophysiology.
    • Accurate autoantibody detection and understanding of clinical manifestations are crucial for APS patient care.