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Related Concept Videos

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the anterior...
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
Lipids as Anchors01:32

Lipids as Anchors

In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors found in eukaryotes are – prenyl groups, fatty acyl groups, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol or GPI groups. Prenyl and fatty acyl groups act as anchors on the cytosolic surface of the membrane, whereas GPI anchors proteins on the extracellular side.
The carboxy-terminal of most of the prenylated proteins, such as Ras proteins, contains the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
10:34

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

Published on: April 23, 2017

Self-aligned supported lipid bilayers for patterning the cell-substrate interface.

Keyue Shen1, Jones Tsai, Peng Shi

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to create patterned supported lipid bilayers with high resolution. This platform enables studying how spatial ligand organization affects cell signaling, particularly T cell interactions.

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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

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Reconstitution of Membrane-Tethered Minimal Actin Cortices on Supported Lipid Bilayers
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Reconstitution of Membrane-Tethered Minimal Actin Cortices on Supported Lipid Bilayers

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
10:34

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

Published on: April 23, 2017

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

Reconstitution of Membrane-Tethered Minimal Actin Cortices on Supported Lipid Bilayers
11:55

Reconstitution of Membrane-Tethered Minimal Actin Cortices on Supported Lipid Bilayers

Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Supported lipid bilayers mimic cellular membranes, offering insights into their fluidity and chemical properties.
  • Understanding cell-surface interactions requires precise control over ligand presentation.
  • Current techniques for patterning lipid bilayers have limitations in resolution and multiplexing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method for creating high-resolution, multi-composition supported lipid bilayer surfaces.
  • To enhance the resolution of traditional bilayer patterning techniques using a diffusional barrier.
  • To provide a platform for studying the impact of spatial ligand organization on cell signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a diffusional barrier to improve patterning resolution.
  • Application of traditional bilayer patterning techniques, such as laminar flow.
  • Fabrication of surfaces with multiple, aligned regions of supported membranes with different compositions at micrometer scales.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a method to create precisely patterned supported lipid bilayers with distinct compositional regions.
  • Successful presentation of ligands (T Cell Receptor and LFA-1) tethered to separate, juxtaposed bilayer regions.
  • Achieved micrometer-scale resolution in patterning, enabling study of closely organized extracellular ligands.

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform offers a novel approach for creating complex supported membrane surfaces.
  • This technology facilitates the investigation of how spatial segregation of extracellular ligands influences cellular responses.
  • The findings open new avenues for studying cell-cell interactions and signaling in a controlled microenvironment.