Chemical approaches to DNA nanotechnology

Due to its self-assembling nature, DNA is undoubtedly an excellent molecule for the creation of various multidimensional nanostructures and the placement of functional molecules and materials. DNA molecules behave according to the programs of their sequences. Mixtures of numbers of DNA molecules can be placed precisely and organized into single structures to form nanoarchitectures. Once the appropriate sequences for the target nanostructure are established, the predesigned structure can be built up by self-assembly of the designed DNA strands. DNA nanotechnology has already reached the stage at which the organization of desired functional molecules and nanomaterials can be programmed on a defined DNA scaffold. In this review, we will focus on DNA nanotechnology and describe the potential of synthetic chemistry to contribute to the further development of DNA nanomaterials.