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Related Concept Videos

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael acceptor.
Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...

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Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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Published on: August 28, 2015

Renewable resource-based poly(dodecyloate) by carbonylation polymerization.

Dorothee Quinzler1, Stefan Mecking

  • 1Dept. of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cobalt catalysts enable the creation of high molecular weight aliphatic polyesters from renewable resources. This step-growth polymerization utilizes undec-10-en-1-ol and carbon monoxide for sustainable polymer synthesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Aliphatic polyesters are versatile polymers with numerous applications.
  • Developing sustainable routes for polyester synthesis is crucial for environmental conservation.
  • Current methods often rely on non-renewable feedstocks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel cobalt-catalyzed polymerization method.
  • To synthesize high molecular weight aliphatic polyesters.
  • To utilize entirely renewable resources for polymer production.

Main Methods:

  • Step-growth polymerization reaction.
  • Cobalt-catalyzed synthesis.
  • Utilizing undec-10-en-1-ol and carbon monoxide as monomers.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of aliphatic polyesters with number-average molecular weights (Mn) greater than 10^4 g mol(-1).
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of using entirely renewable resources.
  • Achieved efficient polymerization under cobalt catalysis.

Conclusions:

  • Cobalt-catalyzed step-growth polymerization offers a sustainable pathway to high-performance aliphatic polyesters.
  • The method provides a renewable alternative to conventional polyester synthesis.
  • This approach contributes to green chemistry initiatives in polymer science.