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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...

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Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: October 28, 2022

Acute renal dysfunction following hip fracture.

Simon J Bennet1, Olivia M B Berry, Jane Goddard

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cheltenham General Hospital, Sandford Rd, Cheltenham GL53 7AN, United Kingdom. simonbennet@hotmail.com

Injury
|September 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute renal dysfunction (ARD) affects 16% of hip fracture patients, increasing mortality and complications. Identifying risk factors like male sex and pre-existing conditions aids early detection and management.

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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Orthopedics
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • Acute renal dysfunction (ARD) reporting is inconsistent due to varied definitions.
  • Hip fractures are common, particularly in older adults, and can be associated with significant morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ARD in patients with fractured neck of femur.
  • To establish a clear definition for ARD using the RIFLE criteria for accurate analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective inclusion of 170 consecutive hip fracture patients into the Scottish Hip Fracture Audit database.
  • Retrospective analysis of patient data, with ARD defined by the RIFLE criteria.

Main Results:

  • 16% (27 patients) developed ARD.
  • Identified risk factors for ARD include male sex, vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and nephrotoxic medication use.
  • ARD significantly increased inpatient, 30-day, and 120-day mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and elevated pre- and post-operative complications.

Conclusions:

  • ARD is a significant complication following neck of femur fracture with substantial negative impacts on patient outcomes.
  • Awareness of identified risk factors and regular renal function monitoring are crucial for early ARD detection and management in this patient cohort.