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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

Modifying cyclosporine associated renal allograft dysfunction.

N Mohapatra1, A V Vanikar, R D Patel

  • 1Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|September 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity is a risk in kidney transplants. The Ahmedabad Tolerance Induction Protocol (ATIP) showed a decreased incidence of CsA nephrotoxicity, leading to improved graft function.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Transplantation

Background:

  • Kidney transplantation is a vital treatment for chronic kidney disease.
  • Standard immunosuppressants like cyclosporine (CsA) are essential for graft survival but carry risks of nephrotoxicity.
  • Renal biopsy is a key diagnostic tool for identifying CsA-induced kidney damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of CsA nephrotoxicity in renal allograft biopsies.
  • To compare CsA toxicity between the Ahmedabad Tolerance Induction Protocol (ATIP) and standard immunosuppression protocols.
  • To assess the impact of CsA dose reduction on graft function following biopsy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 207 renal allograft biopsies for graft dysfunction, comparing ATIP (N=97) with controls (N=50).
  • ATIP involved donor-specific leukocyte infusions, irradiation, non-myeloablative conditioning, and cell-based therapies.
  • Biopsies were analyzed for acute and chronic CsA toxicity, categorized by time post-transplant (<6 months and >6 months).

Main Results:

  • Acute CsA toxicity was observed in 2.5% of ATIP recipients vs. 11.1% of controls (<6 months), and 16.2% of ATIP vs. 8.8% of controls (>6 months).
  • Chronic CsA toxicity was observed in 10.8% of ATIP recipients vs. 17.6% of controls (>6 months).
  • Reducing CsA doses post-biopsy improved graft function, indicated by serum creatinine levels.

Conclusions:

  • CsA nephrotoxicity can be diagnosed and managed through allograft biopsy, with dose reduction leading to graft function recovery.
  • The ATIP demonstrated a reduced incidence of CsA nephrotoxicity compared to standard protocols.
  • Targeted immunosuppression strategies may mitigate CsA-related kidney damage in transplant recipients.