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Pressure Gauges

Pressure Gauges

Most pressure gauges, like those on scuba tanks, are calibrated to read zero at atmospheric pressure. Readings from such gauges are called the gauge pressure, which is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. When the pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, the gauge reports a positive value. Some gauges are designed to measure negative pressure. For example, many physics experiments must take place in a vacuum chamber, a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped...

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
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Fluid Pressure

Fluid Pressure

In mechanical engineering, fluid pressure plays a critical role in designing systems that utilize liquid flow, such as hydraulic systems, pumps, and valves. When designing these systems, engineers must ensure they can withstand the forces created by fluid pressure to avoid damage or failure.
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Potentiometer

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Voltage and current measurements using a standard voltmeter and ammeter alter the circuit being measured either by drawing or resisting the current flow, which introduces uncertainties in the measurements. Null measurements balance the voltages so that no current flows through the measuring device and, therefore, no alterations occur in the measured circuit.
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Sound as Pressure Waves

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Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control

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Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

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Optical-actuator frequency-coded pressure sensor.

|September 10, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an all-optical fiber pressure sensor. It uses LED light to oscillate a glass tube, measuring internal gas pressure via oscillation period, independent of fiber losses.

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Fiber optics sensors
Micro-electro-mechanical systems

Background:

Traditional pressure sensors often require electrical connections, limiting their use in harsh environments.
Optical sensing offers advantages in electromagnetic immunity and remote operation.
Developing novel fiber-optic sensors for precise measurements is an active research area.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel all-optical, frequency-coded fiber pressure sensor.
To demonstrate remote measurement of internal gas pressure using optical feedback.
To investigate the use of differential thermal expansion for inducing mechanical oscillation.

Main Methods:

A low-power 0.82-microm LED light source guided through a multimode optical fiber induced differential thermal expansion in a small glass tube.
Remote deflection measurement was achieved using a second LED and a fiber-optic displacement sensor.
Amplified feedback from the displacement sensor to the thermal-source LED generated continuous oscillation of the glass tube.

Main Results:

The glass tube oscillated in the audio frequency range, with spectral width narrowed by high mechanical quality factor (Q).
The oscillation period, a function of internal gas pressure, was measured accurately.
The pressure measurement was largely independent of fiber transmission losses, demonstrating robustness.

Conclusions:

The developed device functions as an all-optical, frequency-coded fiber pressure sensor.
This technology enables remote and robust pressure sensing in environments where electrical sensors are unsuitable.
The sensor's performance is based on optically induced mechanical oscillation and feedback control.