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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

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Multiple sclerosis lesions: insights from imaging techniques.

Valentina Tomassini1, Jacqueline Palace

  • 1Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), The University of Oxford, Department of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headigton, Oxford OX39DU, UK. valentt@fmrib.ox.ac.uk

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|September 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) cause neurological deficits. This review explores how conventional and advanced MRI techniques help understand MS lesion characteristics and pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by inflammatory demyelinated lesions in the CNS.
  • These lesions, along with diffuse abnormalities, significantly contribute to neurological deficits in MS patients.
  • Conventional MRI has been crucial in understanding MS pathology and monitoring treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and development of MS lesions.
  • To discuss the role of conventional and advanced MRI techniques in quantifying pathological changes.
  • To explore how MRI aids in understanding the dynamics of MS lesions and normal-appearing brain tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MS pathology and neuroimaging.
  • Discussion of conventional MRI findings in MS.
  • Analysis of advanced quantitative MRI techniques for lesion characterization.

Main Results:

  • MS lesions are key pathological features impacting neurological function.
  • Conventional MRI provides essential insights into MS lesion burden and treatment response.
  • Advanced MRI techniques enable quantitative assessment of lesion pathology and tissue dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • MRI, both conventional and advanced, is indispensable for understanding MS lesion development and pathology.
  • Quantitative MRI offers deeper insights into pathological changes within lesions and normal-appearing brain tissue.
  • Continued advancements in MRI are vital for characterizing MS disease activity and progression.