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Related Concept Videos

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas01:18

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas

When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, that is, without adding heat, work is done on it, and its temperature increases. In an adiabatic expansion, the gas does work, and its temperature drops. Adiabatic compressions actually occur in the cylinders of a car, where the compressions of the gas-air mixture take place so quickly that there is no time for the mixture to exchange heat with its environment. Nevertheless, because work is done on the mixture during the compression, its...
Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process01:27

Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process

Free expansion of a gas is an adiabatic process. However, there are few differences between free expansion and adiabatic expansion. During free expansion, no work is done, and there is no change in internal energy. But, for an adiabatic expansion, work is done, and there is a change in internal energy. During an adiabatic process, the relation between the pressure and volume is obtained from the condition for the adiabatic process, that is,
Work Done in an Adiabatic Process01:20

Work Done in an Adiabatic Process

Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...
Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline01:30

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:
Bernoulli's Principle01:01

Bernoulli's Principle

Bernoulli's equation incorporates how fluid pressure changes across a static, incompressible fluid by equating the kinetic energy contribution to zero. It is also helpful in analyzing horizontal flows in which the gravitational energy density is constant throughout. The latter equation is so useful that it is called Bernoulli's principle. According to Bernoulli's principle, the fluid pressure drops if the speed increases and vice versa.
Bernoulli's principle has several applications. It is used...
Ideal Gas Equation01:17

Ideal Gas Equation

The ideal gas equation is an equation of state that relates the state variables pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a hypothetical gas. This equation is a combination of four empirical laws, namely Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Avogadro’s Law, and Gay-Lussac’s Law. When the proportionalities of the above four empirical laws are combined, it results in a single proportionality constant known as the universal gas constant.

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Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames
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Quantum adiabatic brachistochrone.

A T Rezakhani1, W-J Kuo, A Hamma

  • 1Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a time-optimal strategy for adiabatic quantum computation (AQC). This approach uses Riemannian geometry to find the fastest computation path, improving AQC performance and revealing insights into entanglement and control manifold curvature.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Geometric Mechanics

Background:

  • Adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) is a promising paradigm for solving complex computational problems.
  • Optimizing computation time is crucial for the practical implementation of AQC.
  • Understanding the geometric structure of AQC control parameters can offer new optimization strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate a time-optimal approach for adiabatic quantum computation.
  • To derive a natural Riemannian metric for the AQC control parameter manifold.
  • To investigate the geometric interpretation of AQC and its impact on performance.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a time-optimal control problem for AQC.
  • Derivation of a Riemannian metric on the manifold of control parameters.
  • Geometric analysis of AQC as geodesic pathfinding.
  • Application and analysis of the geometric approach in two distinct examples.

Main Results:

  • A novel time-optimal strategy for AQC is established.
  • A geometric framework is developed, interpreting AQC as finding a geodesic.
  • The derived geometric approach demonstrably improves AQC performance.
  • The study elucidates the roles of quantum entanglement and control manifold curvature.

Conclusions:

  • The geometrization of AQC provides a powerful framework for performance optimization.
  • The Riemannian metric offers a new perspective on controlling quantum systems.
  • Understanding geometric properties is key to advancing adiabatic quantum computation.