Model to predict endothelial cell loss after iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens implantation

To describe a model predicting endothelial cell (EC) loss after iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation, taking distance from the edge of the pIOL to the endothelium into account.

This prospective observational study monitored long-term EC changes in 306 eyes after pIOL implantation. EC density (ECD) was determined before surgery, 6 months after surgery, and then annually up to 8 years after surgery. Mean follow-up was 31.7 +/- 25.7 months. All eyes underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography to determine minimum distance from the edge of the pIOL to the endothelium. Linear mixed-model analysis was performed to present a model that describes EC loss as a linear decrease and an additional decrease depending on the postoperative edge distance of the patient.

Mean minimum edge distance was 1.43 +/- 0.23 mm (range, 0.70-2.21 mm). For this mean edge distance, the model predicted a yearly EC loss of 1.0%, whereas an edge distance of 1.20 mm resulted in a yearly EC loss of 1.7%, and an edge distance of 1.66 mm led to a yearly EC loss of only 0.2%. Furthermore, the model predicted that for patients with preoperative ECDs of 3000, 2500 or 2000 cells/mm(2), and edge distances of 1.43 mm, a critical ECD of 1500 cells/mm(2) (at which point pIOL explantation and cataract extraction can still safely be performed) will be reached at 56, 37, and 18 years after implantation.

The presented model predicts EC loss after iris-fixated pIOL implantation in relation to the measured edge distance, patient age, and preoperative ECD, which can assist ophthalmologists in patient selection and follow-up of pIOLs.