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Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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Atmospheric structure function measurements with a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor.

D Dayton, B Pierson, B Spielbusch

    Optics Letters
    |October 3, 2009
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Directly measuring atmospheric aberrations using a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor is now possible. This technique confirms Kolmogorov theory often applies to optical propagation, though occasional non-Kolmogorov behavior is observed.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical physics
    • Atmospheric optics
    • Wavefront sensing

    Background:

    • The phase structure function is crucial for characterizing atmospheric aberrations affecting optical propagation.
    • It underpins calculations for atmospheric transfer functions (long- and short-exposure).
    • Direct measurement of the structure function is challenging, often relying on assumed Kolmogorov statistics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel technique for the direct measurement of the atmospheric phase structure function.
    • To validate the applicability of Kolmogorov statistics in atmospheric optical propagation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor for direct structure function measurement.
    • Conducted experiments to observe atmospheric behavior during optical propagation.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated a method for direct measurement of the atmospheric phase structure function.
    • Experimental data largely supports the adherence of atmospheric behavior to Kolmogorov theory.
    • Identified and documented instances where atmospheric behavior deviates from Kolmogorov statistics.

    Conclusions:

    • The Shack-Hartmann sensor provides a viable tool for direct atmospheric structure function measurement.
    • Kolmogorov theory serves as a reliable model for atmospheric optical propagation in most scenarios.
    • Further investigation into non-Kolmogorov atmospheric phenomena is warranted.