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Updated: Jun 19, 2026
06:51
Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome
Published on: July 28, 2023
Carbohydrate maldigestion induces necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm pigs
Thomas Thymann1, Hanne K Møller, Barbara Stoll
1Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Summary
Maltodextrin formula significantly increased necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) incidence and severity in preterm pigs compared to lactose. Carbohydrate maldigestion is a key factor in NEC development in vulnerable infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Gastroenterology
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Gastrointestinal Physiology
Background:
- Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants.
- Immature carbohydrate digestion may contribute to NEC development.
- Enteral nutrition initiation is linked to NEC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test if maltodextrin or lactose as the primary carbohydrate source impacts NEC incidence in preterm pigs.
- To investigate the relationship between carbohydrate digestion and NEC.
Main Methods:
- Preterm pigs received either a lactose-based or maltodextrin-based formula for enteral nutrition.
- NEC incidence and severity were assessed.
- Intestinal enzyme activities, villus height, carbohydrate uptake, and bacterial composition were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Higher NEC incidence (91% vs. 27%) and severity were observed in the maltodextrin group.
- Maltodextrin group showed reduced digestive enzyme activities and impaired carbohydrate absorption.
- Alterations in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids were noted with maltodextrin.
Conclusions:
- Carbohydrate maldigestion, particularly with maltodextrin, is sufficient to increase NEC incidence and severity in preterm pigs.
- Lactose is more digestible than maltodextrin due to higher lactase activity.
- Dietary carbohydrate composition significantly influences NEC risk in preterm neonates.
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