[Embryo transfer in case of stenosed and/or forbidding cervix]

A cervical stenosis can follow an infection, a conisation or a trachelectomy and lead to a cervical infertility. In in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfers are difficult in case of a cervical stenosis and specific care is required. Treatments try to restore an adequate cervical patency. Repeated cervical dilatations can represent a solution. In case of inefficiency, a new cervicoisthmic opening has to be created with surgery. Perpetuity of the result is obtained thanks to post surgical dilatations or thanks to implementation of an intracervical catheter till complete cicatrization. In case of failure of canalization of the stenosed isthmic os, alternative treatments can be proposed. Intraperitoneal insemination in the poutch of Douglas is interesting when tubes are patent and when semen quality is sufficient. On the contrary, transmyometrial embryo transfer and gametes or zygotes intrafallopian transfer represent an ultimate therapeutic option.