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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Altered...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Published on: September 22, 2019

Insights into IBD Pathogenesis.

David Q Shih1, Stephan R Targan

  • 1Cedars-Sinai Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Suite D4063, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|November 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research highlight genetic and immune factors. Understanding microbial-host interactions and specific pathways like TL1A is key to IBD pathogenesis and homeostasis.

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Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic condition driven by immune dysregulation in susceptible individuals.
  • Over 50 genetic loci linked to IBD susceptibility have been identified through genome-wide association studies.
  • Microbial-host interactions play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of gut homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent (past year) advances in understanding IBD pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the genetic and immunobiological underpinnings of IBD.
  • To explore the overlap in genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms between CD and UC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and accumulating data.
  • Focus on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genetic insights.
  • Analysis of immunobiological mechanisms, including cellular and molecular pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identification of over 50 genetic loci associated with IBD susceptibility.
  • Emphasis on the role of microbial-host interactions in IBD.
  • Highlighting specific pathways such as interleukin-22-producing natural killer cells, autophagy, and TL1A (tumor necrosis factor family member).

Conclusions:

  • Recent research provides deeper insights into the genetic architecture of IBD.
  • Understanding immune responses and microbial-host interactions is critical for IBD pathogenesis.
  • Advances in genetics and immunobiology offer new perspectives on maintaining gut homeostasis and treating IBD.