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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...

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A Soft Tooling Process Chain for Injection Molding of a 3D Component with Micro Pillars
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Published on: August 4, 2018

Random organization and plastic depinning.

C Reichhardt1, C J Olson Reichhardt

  • 1Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plastic depinning is an absorbing phase transition, similar to random organization in driven particle systems. This phenomenon exhibits distinct pinned and moving states, with a diverging timescale at a nonequilibrium transition.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Plastic flow in materials involves the motion of dislocations.
  • Dislocation depinning is a critical phenomenon that governs material deformation.
  • Previous studies explored random organization in driven particle systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize plastic depinning as an absorbing phase transition.
  • To establish parallels between plastic depinning and random organization in driven systems.
  • To propose an experimental validation for this transition in disordered systems.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plastic flow systems.
  • Comparison with theoretical models of random organization.
  • Identification of absorbing and fluctuating states.

Main Results:

  • Plastic depinning exhibits characteristics of an absorbing phase transition.
  • The pinned state corresponds to the absorbing state, and the moving state to the fluctuating state.
  • A power-law divergence in timescale at a nonequilibrium transition was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Plastic depinning can be universally described as an absorbing phase transition.
  • The findings offer a new perspective on material deformation and failure.
  • A simple experiment is proposed to verify these transition dynamics in random disordered systems.