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Related Concept Videos

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
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COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Magnetic Separation-Assisted High-Speed Homogenization Method for Large-Scale Production of Endosome-Derived Vesicles
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A Magnetic Separation-Assisted High-Speed Homogenization Method for Large-Scale Production of Endosome-Derived Vesicles

Published on: January 26, 2024

Magnetic aligned vesicles.

Dawei Fan1, Jingcheng Hao

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetic vesicles self-assembled from dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DODMA(+)) encapsulate magnetic polyoxometalates. These novel magnetic biosensors show potential for drug delivery applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Self-assembly is a key strategy for creating functional nanomaterials.
  • Magnetic nanoparticles offer unique properties for sensing and delivery.
  • Polyoxometalates (POMs) are versatile inorganic clusters with tunable magnetic characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate self-assembled magnetic vesicles using dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DODMA(+)) and magnetic polyoxometalates.
  • To characterize the structure and magnetic properties of the resulting vesicles.
  • To explore the potential of these magnetic vesicles as biosensors and for drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Vesicle fabrication in a mixed-solvent system (CHCl3+CH3OH).
  • Characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
  • Measurement of room-temperature magnetic properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated self-assembled magnetic vesicles with hollow, 3D shell structures.
  • Confirmed that encapsulated magnetic polyoxometalates ({Co(4)P(2)W(18)} and {Mo(72)Fe(30)}) retain their magnetic properties.
  • Demonstrated alignment of magnetic vesicles under an external magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • The self-assembled magnetic vesicles are stable and retain magnetic functionality.
  • These magnetic vesicles show promise as components for advanced magnetic biosensors.
  • Potential applications include targeted drug delivery systems.