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Related Concept Videos

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

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Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo
09:19

Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo

Published on: February 15, 2021

Muscle stem cells.

Frédéric Relaix1, Christophe Marcelle

  • 1UMR-S 787, INSERM, UPMC-Paris VI, Institute of Myology, Faculty of Medecine Pitié-Salpétrière 105 bd de l'Hôpital, 75634, Paris Cedex 13, France.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adult skeletal muscle regeneration relies on satellite cells, a type of adult stem cell. These cells self-renew and differentiate, enabling muscle repair after injury. Mouse and chick models inform this process.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo
09:19

Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo

Published on: February 15, 2021

Isolating Stem Cells from Soft Musculoskeletal Tissues
07:49

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Isolation of Quiescent Stem Cell Populations from Individual Skeletal Muscles
11:35

Isolation of Quiescent Stem Cell Populations from Individual Skeletal Muscles

Published on: December 9, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Muscle biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Stem cell research

Background:

  • Adult skeletal muscle exhibits significant regenerative capacity post-injury.
  • Satellite cells are key players, residing beneath the basal lamina of muscle fibers.
  • These stem cells self-renew and differentiate into myogenic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on muscle stem cell origins.
  • To discuss signaling pathways influencing satellite cell proliferation and differentiation.
  • To integrate findings from embryonic and adult skeletal muscle development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent publications.
  • Analysis of developmental studies in mouse and chick models.
  • Examination of signaling pathways in muscle stem cell biology.

Main Results:

  • Satellite cells are crucial for skeletal muscle regeneration.
  • Self-renewal and differentiation are key mechanisms for maintaining the stem cell pool.
  • Developmental origin and signaling pathways significantly impact muscle stem cell function.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding satellite cell biology is vital for muscle regeneration research.
  • Signaling pathways provide targets for therapeutic interventions.
  • Comparative studies in mouse and chick models enhance our knowledge of muscle development and repair.