Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, voiding dysfunction, and overactive bladder

Urinary incontinence and voiding dysfunction are common forms of pelvic floor dysfunction affecting women. The complex interactions between the nervous system and lower urinary tract anatomy allow for the coordinated functions of urine storage and evacuation. A thorough understanding of these components and their interactions is the foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of pathologic conditions affecting urine storage or evacuation. These components include changes in neurologic or muscular function, alterations in anatomy, and the deleterious effects of many common comorbid conditions on the lower urinary tract.