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Increase in prevalence of allergy-like respiratory symptoms in IDDM patients contrasting with a decrease in positive
Füsun Erdenen1, Esma Altungolu, Mustafa Boz
1Ministry of Health Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul.
Bulletin De La Societe Des Sciences Medicales Du Grand-Duche De Luxembourg
|December 17, 2009
Summary
Type 1 diabetes patients report more allergy-like symptoms but show fewer positive atopy skin tests compared to controls. This suggests non-allergic mechanisms may cause these symptoms in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Allergy Research
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease.
- Allergic disorders are common, but their relationship with T1D is not fully understood.
- Atopy, a genetic predisposition to allergic diseases, is often assessed via skin prick tests.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between allergic symptoms and atopy skin prick test results in patients with T1D.
- To compare allergic manifestations in T1D patients with those in non-diabetic controls.
Main Methods:
- A total of 100 participants were enrolled: 50 with T1D and 50 healthy controls.
- All participants underwent medical history evaluation for allergic disorders.
- Skin-prick testing was performed using a standard panel of inhalant and food allergens to assess atopic sensitization.
Main Results:
- 56% of T1D patients reported allergy-like respiratory symptoms, compared to 22% in the control group.
- Positive skin prick tests for atopy were found in 22% of T1D patients versus 34% in controls.
- Despite increased symptom reporting, T1D patients showed a non-significant decrease in positive atopy skin tests.
Conclusions:
- Nasal and bronchial allergy-like symptoms are more prevalent in individuals with T1D than in the general population.
- The increased symptoms in T1D patients are not strongly correlated with IgE-mediated sensitization, as indicated by skin prick tests.
- This suggests that T1D patients may experience allergy-like symptoms due to factors other than typical allergic sensitization.
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