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Perioperative visual loss: what do we know, what can we do?

S Roth1

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Box MC 4028, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. sroth@dacc.uchicago.edu

British Journal of Anaesthesia
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare complication after non-ocular surgery, particularly cardiac and spine procedures. This review covers the incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of POVL caused by retinal vascular occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare but severe complication following non-ocular surgery.
  • Cardiac and spine surgeries exhibit the highest incidence rates of POVL.
  • Key causes include retinal vascular occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review on the incidence of POVL.
  • To discuss suspected risk factors associated with POVL.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for POVL.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of perioperative visual loss.
  • Analysis of incidence and risk factors for POVL.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic and treatment approaches for POVL.

Main Results:

  • POVL is a recognized complication, with elevated risks in specific surgical populations.
  • Retinal vascular occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy are primary etiologies.
  • Current understanding of risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment is evolving.

Conclusions:

  • POVL necessitates awareness and proactive management strategies.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate risk factors and optimize treatments.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing POVL.