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Related Concept Videos

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines01:24

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
Distributed Loads: Problem Solving01:21

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Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
Net Torque Calculations01:19

Net Torque Calculations

When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to rotate...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

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Kinematic Equations for Rotation

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Pattern Generation for Micropattern Traction Microscopy
09:26

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Published on: February 17, 2022

Generating spatiotemporal joint torque patterns from dynamical synchronization of distributed pattern generators.

Alexandre Pitti1, Max Lungarella, Yasuo Kuniyoshi

  • 1ERATO Synergistic Project, JST, Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Informatics, Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Neurorobotics
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal cord pattern generators create flexible motor synergies by synchronizing chaotic systems to body dynamics. This research offers insights for both neuroscience and robotics, improving motor control in complex systems.

Keywords:
causal information flowmotor synergiesphase synchronizationsensorimotor coordination

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Robotics
  • Dynamical Systems Theory

Background:

  • Spinal cord pattern generators are crucial for motor control, enabling flexible and dynamic coordination.
  • Understanding motor synergies is vital for both neuroscience and robotics, particularly for controlling high-dimensional robotic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the flexible combination of motor synergies in embodied systems.
  • To explore how partial phase synchronization of chaotic systems can achieve motor coordination.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling embodied systems using partial phase synchronization of distributed chaotic systems.
  • Applying the model to bipedal walkers in two experimental setups.
  • Analyzing information flow between sensors and motors.

Main Results:

  • Motor synergies emerge when controllers phase synchronize to the body's dynamics, leading to entrainment.
  • Directed information flow from sensors to motors indicates an optimal control situation.
  • Mutual entrainment between body dynamics and controllers was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Partial phase synchronization of chaotic systems provides a viable model for generating motor synergies.
  • Findings are relevant for understanding modular control in spinal cord pattern generators.
  • The approach offers potential for improving motor control strategies in robots.