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Related Concept Videos

Giardiasis01:12

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Diversity of Protists I01:15

Diversity of Protists I

Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Microbial Interactions: Parasitism01:22

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism

Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...

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The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis
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The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

Published on: February 19, 2013

Parasitic colitides.

Joel E Goldberg1

  • 1Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. jgoldberg1@partners.org

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parasitic infections, caused by helminthes and protozoa, are a global health issue, particularly in developing regions. While often treatable, their prevalence is increasing in Western countries due to migration patterns.

Keywords:
Balantidium coliChagas diseaseCyclosporaIsosporaProtozoaascariasiscryptosporidiumenterobiasisgiardiasishelminthinfectious colitisschistosomiasisstrongyloidiasistrichuriasis

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Colonization with Murine pks+ Escherichia coli under Non-Inflammatory Conditions
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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Parasitic infections represent a significant global health burden, causing millions of infections and deaths annually.
  • While predominantly affecting developing regions, these diseases are increasingly observed in Western countries and urban areas.
  • Factors like host immunity, parasite type, and treatment availability influence disease outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of common parasitic infections.
  • To provide an overview of infections caused by helminthes and protozoa.
  • To highlight the changing patterns of parasitic infections globally.

Main Methods:

  • Review of salient features of various parasitic infections.
  • Categorization of parasites into helminthes and protozoa.
  • Summary of key aspects including epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Parasitic infections manifest diversely, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to severe, life-threatening conditions.
  • Helminthes discussed include Ascaris, Strongyloides, Enterobius, Trichuris, and Schistosoma.
  • Protozoa discussed include Isospora, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Trypanosoma cruzi, Giardia lamblia, and Balantidium coli.

Conclusions:

  • Most parasitic infections are self-limited or respond well to medical management.
  • Surgery is rarely required for the treatment of these infections.
  • Understanding parasite characteristics is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment, especially with changing global distribution.