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Related Concept Videos

Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

9.3K
DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

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Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
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DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Recombinant DNA01:09

Recombinant DNA

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Overview
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DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

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DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
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DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Related Experiment Video

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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

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Fluorescent labeling of DNA.

Robert E Cunningham1

  • 1Department of Biophysics, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A new cellular DNA staining method aids cell cycle determination. This technique uses DNA content and cell sizing to precisely define cell populations for research.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Accurate cell cycle analysis is crucial for understanding cell proliferation and development.
  • Existing DNA staining methods may lack precision in defining distinct cell populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a refined method for cellular DNA staining.
  • To enhance cell cycle determination through integrated measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a well-defined DNA staining protocol.
  • Application of DNA content analysis.
  • Incorporation of cell sizing measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successful staining of cellular DNA.

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Application of the DNA-Specific Stain Methyl Green in the Fluorescent Labeling of Embryos
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  • Improved definition of cell populations based on DNA content and size.
  • Enhanced accuracy in cell cycle phase determination.

    • Conclusions:

    • The provided method offers a robust approach for cellular DNA staining.
    • Combining DNA content and cell sizing significantly improves cell population characterization for cell cycle studies.