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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Implantation of an Isoproterenol Mini-Pump to Induce Heart Failure in Mice
05:08

Implantation of an Isoproterenol Mini-Pump to Induce Heart Failure in Mice

Published on: October 3, 2019

Desynchronization: a novel model to induce heart failure.

H Möllmann1, S Voss, H M Nef

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany. h.moellmann@kerckhoff-fgi.de

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new heart failure model combining rapid pacing and ventricular desynchronization in pigs showed more severe hemodynamic impairment and cardiac remodeling than traditional models.

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Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Implantation of an Isoproterenol Mini-Pump to Induce Heart Failure in Mice
05:08

Implantation of an Isoproterenol Mini-Pump to Induce Heart Failure in Mice

Published on: October 3, 2019

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Animal Models
  • Heart Failure Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Traditional large animal models for heart failure often yield inconsistent results.
  • A novel model integrating rapid pacing and induced ventricular desynchronization was developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a new heart failure model in pigs using combined rapid pacing and ventricular desynchronization.
  • To compare the efficacy of this novel model against traditional rapid pacing models.

Main Methods:

  • Heart failure was induced in 20 pigs over 21 days.
  • Group A: single right ventricular lead (220 bpm). Group B: dual right ventricular leads with alternating activation (110 bpm each).
  • Hemodynamic parameters were measured, and cardiac tissue was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Group B exhibited significantly worse hemodynamics, including elevated pulmonary capillary wedge and central venous pressures, and reduced cardiac index.
  • Group B showed increased heart-to-body weight ratio, larger cell diameters, and greater interstitial fibrosis with higher collagen content.
  • These findings indicate more severe cardiac remodeling in the novel desynchronization model.

Conclusions:

  • The novel model combining rapid pacing and forced ventricular desynchronization is superior to models using only rapid pacing.
  • This enhanced model provides a more robust platform for studying heart failure.
  • The model effectively replicates key pathological features of heart failure.