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Related Concept Videos

Newman Projections02:06

Newman Projections

Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as conformers.
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE
13:28

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE

Published on: May 16, 2017

Three-dimensional structure determination from a single view.

Kevin S Raines1, Sara Salha, Richard L Sandberg

  • 1[1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, [2] California NanoSystems Institute.

Nature
|December 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ankylography enables complete 3D structure determination from a single exposure. This novel imaging modality reconstructs objects from 2D spherical diffraction patterns, advancing materials science and structural biology.

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE
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Published on: October 29, 2019

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10:40

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Structural Biology
  • Imaging Science

Background:

  • Traditional 3D structure determination methods require multiple sample orientations or serial sectioning.
  • Techniques like crystallography, tomography, and confocal microscopy have limitations in speed and sample manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce ankylography, a novel 3D imaging modality.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of determining an object's complete 3D structure from a single 2D diffraction pattern.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of diffraction patterns on the Ewald sphere.
  • 3D numerical reconstructions using 2D spherical diffraction data.
  • Experimental validation using soft X-ray laser diffraction data.

Main Results:

  • Complete 3D structure determination from a single exposure is theoretically possible under specific conditions.
  • Successful 3D reconstructions of sodium silicate glass (2 Å resolution) and poliovirus (2-3 nm resolution) were achieved.
  • Preliminary experimental demonstration of ankylography using a soft X-ray laser confirmed its feasibility.

Conclusions:

  • Ankylography offers a new paradigm for 3D structure determination, potentially overcoming limitations of existing methods.
  • This single-view 3D imaging approach could have broad applications across physical and life sciences.
  • Further development of ankylography promises to enhance structural analysis capabilities.