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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...

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Multiplexed Fluorescent Microarray for Human Salivary Protein Analysis Using Polymer Microspheres and Fiber-optic Bundles

Multiplexed Fluorescent Microarray for Human Salivary Protein Analysis Using Polymer Microspheres and Fiber-optic Bundles

Published on: October 10, 2013

Fibre optic microarrays.

¹Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02116, USA. david.walt@tufts.edu

Chemical Society Reviews

|December 22, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fiber optic microarrays offer versatile sensing systems for diverse analytes like nucleic acids and biomolecules. These optical fiber arrays enable multiplexed measurements and studies of single cells and molecules.

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Chemical Sensing
Biotechnology

Background:

Optical fibres are fundamental components in modern sensing technologies.
Microarray platforms allow for high-throughput analysis and multiplexed detection.
Existing sensing methods face limitations in sensitivity, specificity, or spatial resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive tutorial review on fibre optic microarrays.
To cover the fundamental principles of optical fibres and arrays.
To explore diverse applications and architectures of fibre optic microarrays.

Main Methods:

Review of optical fibre principles and array fabrication.
Discussion of various microarray architectures (e.g., linear, planar).
Analysis of polymer coating techniques for enhanced sensing.

Main Results:

Fibre optic microarrays enable multiplexed sensing of nucleic acids, vapours, and biomolecules.
Polymer-coated arrays facilitate measurement of microscopic chemical phenomena like corrosion.
These microarrays serve as substrates for single-molecule and single-cell studies.

Conclusions:

Fibre optic microarrays represent a powerful and adaptable platform for advanced sensing and measurement.
The technology has broad applicability across chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering.
Further development promises enhanced capabilities for fundamental research and practical applications.