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Related Concept Videos

Tension01:10

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...
Tension01:10

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...
Current Dividers01:10

Current Dividers

In parallel electrical connections, resistors are linked between the same pair of nodes, creating an equal voltage across each resistor. Kirchhoff's current law is applied to these connections, establishing that the sum of currents through these resistors equals the source current. Utilizing Ohm's law, the source current is determined as the product of the source voltage and the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances. This relationship simplifies the process of finding the current...
Voltage Dividers01:14

Voltage Dividers

In electrical circuits, resistors can be connected in series, sequentially linked one after the other. In a series configuration, the same current flows through each resistor. Ohm's law is a fundamental principle to understand the behavior of resistors in series. It expresses the voltage across these resistors in terms of the current and resistance.
Kirchhoff's voltage law implies that the sum of the voltages across the resistors in series equals the source voltage. This means that the current...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

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Tensions divide.

Adam C Martin, Eric F Wieschaus

    Nature Cell Biology
    |December 23, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cellular compartments form barriers that prevent cell mixing during development. Actomyosin cables at compartment boundaries generate tension, acting as physical barriers to cell intermingling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Cell biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • During development, proliferating cells form distinct compartments.
    • Compartment boundaries are traditionally explained by differences in cell adhesion.
    • Cellular intermixing is restricted at these boundaries.

    Discussion:

    • Actomyosin cables at compartment boundaries generate tension.
    • This tension acts as a physical barrier, preventing cell mixing.
    • This mechanism offers an alternative to differential adhesion in forming cellular compartments.

    Key Insights:

    • Actomyosin cable tension is a critical factor in establishing compartment boundaries.
    • Physical forces, not just molecular adhesion, can segregate cell populations.
    • This finding impacts our understanding of tissue morphogenesis and organization.

    Outlook:

    • Further research can explore the precise biophysical mechanisms of actomyosin-mediated cell exclusion.
    • Investigating this phenomenon in various developmental contexts will be crucial.
    • Understanding these boundary dynamics could inform regenerative medicine strategies.